Match your router’s RPM to bit diameter for clean cuts and safe operation. Larger bits require slower speeds to prevent vibration, burning, and potential breakage.
| Bit Diameter | Recommended RPM |
|---|---|
| Under 1″ | 22,000 – 24,000 |
| 1″ to 1.5″ | 20,000 – 22,000 |
| 1.5″ to 2″ | 18,000 – 20,000 |
| 2″ to 2.5″ | 14,000 – 18,000 |
| 2.5″ to 3″ | 12,000 – 16,000 |
| Over 3″ | 8,000 – 12,000 |
Need Variable Speed for Large Bits?
Fixed-speed routers run too fast for bits over 1.5″. A speed controller lets you dial in the right RPM.
Why Speed Matters
A router bit’s outer edge moves faster than its center. A 3″ bit at 22,000 RPM has an edge speed over 17,000 feet per minute—dangerously fast. The same router at 10,000 RPM brings that edge speed to a safe 7,800 fpm. Running large bits too fast causes vibration, poor cuts, and can shatter the bit.
Quick Reference
- Small bits (under 1.5″): Run at full speed on any router
- Medium bits (1.5″ to 2″): Reduce to 18,000-20,000 RPM
- Large bits (over 2″): Variable speed required—start slow, increase gradually
- Panel-raising bits (3″+): Never exceed 12,000 RPM
Fixed-Speed Router?
Most fixed-speed routers run at 22,000+ RPM—fine for small bits but too fast for anything over 1.5″. If you regularly use large profile bits, raised panel bits, or any bit over 2″, you have two options:
- Add a router speed controller to your existing router (works with brush-type motors)
- Upgrade to a variable-speed router with electronic speed control
The speed controller is the budget-friendly option at around $40. It plugs between your router and the outlet, giving you a dial to reduce RPM.
Recommended Router Speed Controller
Rockler Router Speed Control
Controls speed from 0 to full RPM on routers up to 3 HP. Works with brush-type motors (not compatible with variable-speed or soft-start routers). Simple dial control lets you match speed to bit diameter instantly.
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